Abstract
Platelets deposition at the site of vascular injury is a key event for the arrest of bleeding and for subsequent vascular repair. Therefore, the regulation of platelet deposition onto the injured site during the process of platelet plug formation is an important event. Herein, we showed that electrical signal could regulate the deposition of platelets onto the injured site. On the one hand, the area of platelet deposition was reduced when the cathode of the applied electric field was placed at the injured site beforehand, while it was increased when the anode was at the site. On the other hand, if a cathode was placed at the injured site after the injury, the electrical signal could remove the outer layer of the deposited platelets. Furthermore, an electric field could drive rapid platelet deposition onto the blood vessel wall at the site beneath the anode even in uninjured blood vessels. Platelet deposition could thus be manipulated by externally applied electric field, which might provide a mechanism to drive platelet deposition onto the wall of blood vessels.
Highlights
Living cell responding to imposed electric field (EF) by migrating toward cathode or anode is known as electrotaxis or galvanotaxis
We found that these potentials decayed exponentially along with the blood vessel according to the following equation: Transvascular electric potential (TVEP)(x) = TVEPanode ∗ exp − x/λ + TVEPo (1)
Where x is the distance from the anode to the potential measuring microelectrode, TVEP(x) is the TVEP at position x, TVEPanode is the TVEP directly beneath the anode, and TVEPo is the TVEP of the blood vessel under physiological condition without any external applied EF
Summary
Living cell responding to imposed electric field (EF) by migrating toward cathode or anode is known as electrotaxis or galvanotaxis. Platelets contain sialic acid (Born and Palinski, 1985; Crook, 1991), which makes the platelet has an overall electronegative charge on its surface (Crook and Crawford, 1988) Due to this property, an electric field has been exerted on platelets suspended in the electrolytic medium for electrophoresis, which can be retrieved from the study by Abramson (1928). The first step to form the platelet plug is that the circulating platelets need to deposit to the exposed injured surface Given their negative surface charge, it could be reasoned that EF might act as a potential guidance cue to regulate the deposition of platelet onto the injured surface of blood vessels. We conducted experiments to investigate whether an applied EF could regulate the deposition of platelets onto the blood vessels
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