Abstract
The purpose of the study was to measure platelet aggregation and fatty acid composition for pigs fed diets containing different fats/oils, and to compare platelet aggregation with empirical indices calculated from the fatty acid compositions of the diets and platelet phospholipids, and the index of thrombogenicity of Ulbricht and Southgate [1]. Four groups of 16 pigs were fed for 70 days on diets containing one of three test fats/oils; anhydrous milkfat (AMF), fish oil (MaxEPA TM) or hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO) at a level of 100 g/kg, or a basal diet containing starch at the expense of the test fat/oil. Blood samples were collected from each pig at 56 and 70 days. ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation were measured by the turbidometric method at 56 days, intra-platelet cGMP response to sodium nitroprusside activator was measured by radioimmunoassay at 56 days, and the fatty acid composition of platelet phospholipids was measured at 70 days. There was a significant effect of diet on collagen-induced platelet aggregation (%) (AMF 76.0, MaxEPA 70.8, HCO 81.3, basal 86.8) which was lower in the MaxEPA group compared to the hydrogenated coconut oil and basal groups, and on the proportions (% total fatty acids) of the major monounsaturated (18:1 n-9, AMF 16.6, MaxEPA 13.1, HCO 14.6, basal 15.9; 18:1 n-7, AMF 0.9, MaxEPA 3.3, HCO 1.1, basal 1.2) and polyunsaturated (18:2 n-6, AMF 7.6, MaxEPA 7.4, HCO 8.7, basal 7.6; 20:4 n-6, AMF 13.3, MaxEPA 4.8, HCO 16.2, basal 15.6; 20:5 n-3, AMF 0.9, MaxEPA 10.3) fatty acids in platelet phospholipids. There were no significant effects of diet on ADP-induced platelet aggregation or platelet cGMP. The relative pattern of platelet aggregation across dietary treatments was consistent with empirical indices based on the ratios of the n-6/ n-3 fatty acids in the diets and platelet phospholipids, but did not match the pattern based on the index of thrombogenicity [1]. The data suggest that useful factors for predicting platelet aggregation are the proportions of the fatty acids 18:2 n-6 + 20:4 n-6 /18:3 n-3 + 20:5 n-3 + 22:6 n-3 in the diets and platelet phospholipids.
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