Abstract
The possible induction of life-history shifts in prey by chemicals released into the environment by potential predators was examined. Laboratory life-table experiments were conducted to examine the influence of chemical substances released from vertebrate (fish) and invertebrate (Notonectidae) predators on life-history features of two clones (B―coexists with fish, W―from a fishless pond) of the freshwater cladoceran crustacean, Daphnia magna. Significant differences between treatments in key life-history features (i.e. size and age at first reproduction) were detected for each clone. Both clones showed a significantly smaller size at first reproduction when raised under fish-treated water, when compared with animals raised under invertebrate-treated water
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