Abstract
Sensors are excellent options owing to their ability to figure out a large number of problems and challenges in several areas, including homeland security, defense, medicine, pharmacology, industry, environment, agriculture, food safety, and so on. Plasmonic sensors are used as detection devices that have important properties, such as rapid recognition, real-time analysis, no need labels, sensitive and selective sensing, portability, and, more importantly, simplicity in identifying target analytes. This review summarizes the state-of-art molecular recognition of biological and chemical threat agents. For this purpose, the principle of the plasmonic sensor is briefly explained and then the use of plasmonic sensors in the monitoring of a broad range of biological and chemical threat agents is extensively discussed with different types of threats according to the latest literature. A conclusion and future perspectives are added at the end of the review.
Highlights
Two major threat agents are utilized in attacks—biological and chemical threat agents—and the detection of these agents is a modern subject of increasing impact and interest [1]
Lafuente et al prepared the SERS-based sensor for gas-phase monitoring of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) that is a surrogate molecule of nerve agents [98]
142al. prepared the SERS-based sensor for gas-phase monitoring of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) that is a surrogate molecule of nerve agents [98]
Summary
Two major threat agents are utilized in attacks—biological and chemical threat agents—and the detection of these agents is a modern subject of increasing impact and interest [1]. Bioterrorism is a deliberate use of harmful biological threats agents that provoke disease or death in plants, animals, and humans [3]. These dangerous agents can spread through the air, water, or soil [4]. (receptor),and andthe the sensing component recognizes the analyte by a reaction, adsorption, or another process as physical and/or chemical and thenand thethen transducer translates changes specific adsorption, or another process as physical and/or chemical the transducer translates to a quantifiable signal measured by the digital changes to a quantifiable signal measured by thedetector digital module detector[40].
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