Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metal nanoparticles (NPs) can modulate optical properties of nearby chromophores and metal NPs themselves. This chapter focuses on plasmon-enhanced two photon excitation fluorescence and its applications. It illustrates the photophysical processes involving excitation and fluorescence of a typical chromophore. Two-photon excitation fluorescence is expected to experience a similar enhancement–quenching transition as the NP–chromophore separation distance decreases. The chapter demonstrates Plasmon-enhanced one-photon excitation fluorescence in different systems. Metal-enhanced fluorescence was initially discovered on the film substrates and later demonstrated in the colloid solutions. Two-photon excitation fluorescence is expected to experience much larger enhancement than one-photon excitation fluorescence since two-photon excitation fluorescence is proportional to a higher order function of local electric field. Similar to the plasmon-enhanced two-photon excitation fluorescence of organic chromophores, separation distance between upconversion NPs (UCNPs) UCNP and metal NP are critical for enhancing the photoluminescence of UCNP.
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