Abstract
This manuscript reports on the interaction between 2F5/2→2F7/2 radiative transition from Yb3+ ions and localized surface plasmon resonance (from gold/silver nanoparticles) in a tungsten-tellurite glass. Such an interaction, similar to the down-conversion process, results in the Yb3+ emission in the near-infrared region via resonant and non-resonant energy transfers. We associated such effects with the dynamic coupling described by the variations generated by the Hamiltonian HDC in either the oscillator strength, or the local crystal field, i.e. the line shape changes in the emission band. Here, the Yb3+ ions emission is achieved through plasmon-photon coupling, observable as an enhancement or quenching in the luminescence spectra. Metallic nanoparticles have light-collecting capability in the visible spectrum and can accumulate almost all the photon energy on a nanoscale, which enable the excitation and emission of the Yb3+ ions in the near-infrared region. This plasmon-photon conversion was evaluated from the cavity’s quality factor (Q) and the coupling (g) between the nanoparticles and the Yb3+ ions. We have found samples of low-quality cavities and strong coupling between the nanoparticles and the Yb3+ ions. Our research can be extended towards the understanding of new plasmon-photon converters obtained from interactions between rare-earth ions and localized surface plasmon resonance.
Highlights
Our research can be extended towards the understanding of new plasmon-photon converters obtained from interactions between rare-earth ions and localized surface plasmon resonance
We demonstrate that GNPs or SNPs embedded in an Yb3+ -doped tellurite glasses (TTG) can act as a plasmon-photon converter, emitting light in the near-infrared (NIR) via resonant and non-resonant energy transfer processes similar to down-conversion processes
As reported in the literature, silver ions are very mobile in tellurite glass and tend to aggregate forming metallic NPs22
Summary
Our research can be extended towards the understanding of new plasmon-photon converters obtained from interactions between rare-earth ions and localized surface plasmon resonance. Either energy transfer or local field enhancement causes a significant alteration in the local density of optical states (LDOS) of the quantum-emitter, which results in an enhancement/quenching in the emission intensity This quantum system (quantum-emitter and metallic nanostructure) produces a photon-plasmon interaction, which can be investigated as a weak or strong coupling. Tungsten-tellurite glasses (TTG) have shown several advantages, such as wide transmission window (0.4–5.0 μ m), good thermal and mechanical stability, intermediate cut-off phonon energy (900–950 cm−1), large solubility of REI, and high linear and nonlinear refractive indices (e.g. 1.8–2.3 and 20–50 × 10−20 m2/W, respectively)[13,14,15,16,17] Such a property enables nonlinear effects like second/third harmonic generation, parametric oscillation, and four-wave mixing. The strong/weak coupling regime between the metallic NPs and Yb3+ ions in TTG has been studied here and results in an enhanced or quenched emission centred at 980 ± 6 nm (Yb3+: 4F5/2 → 4F7/2 electronic transition) in presence of GNPs or SNPs, respectively
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