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Abstract
This report describes one Salmonella isolate harbouring both mcr-1 and mcr-3. We also found nine other Salmonella isolates positive for the plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene, mcr-3. The strains were isolated from patients in Denmark between 2009 and 2017 and five of the patients had travelled to Asia. In addition to mcr-3, all strains were found positive for blaTEM-1, strA, strB, sul2 and tet(A) or tet(B), and most strains were positive for blaCTX-M-55 and qnrS.
Highlights
Statens Serum Institut (SSI) receives isolates and patient information from all human clinical Salmonella infections for surveillance in Denmark
In a retrospective search for the truncated transposon and mcr-3 [1] among all Danish Salmonella isolates sequenced at SSI between 2009 and 2017, 10 Salmonella isolates were found positive for the mcr-3 gene; all isolates were ST34 and of serovar Typhimurium or monophasic variants of Typhimurium (4,5,12:i:- and 4,12:i:-) (Table)
The sequence data was used to create a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) phylogeny using the Northern Arizona SNP Pipeline (NASP) [6], including local sequences representing the diversity within ST34 isolated from patients in Denmark with different travel histories (Figure)
Summary
Plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-3 in Salmonella isolates from human infections, Denmark, 2009–17. The same study identified a truncated transposon element immediately upstream of mcr-3 that was found in E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella Typhimurium [1] This followed reports from 2016 on the plasmidborne colistin resistance genes mcr-1 [2] and mcr-2 [3] and the subsequent reporting of global spread of mcr-1 and detection of mcr-1 from livestock/retail meat and human sources [4,5]. 361 Salmonella isolates with serotypes Typhimurium and the monophasic variants of Typhimurium were included in the SNP analysis and the 10 mcr-3-positive isolates were located in two clades of the phylogeny (Figure) These two clades contained most of the Salmonella isolates from patients with known travel history to Asia. Isolates from patients that had travelled in Europe, were domestically acquired or of unknown origin, were evenly distributed in the tree
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