Abstract
We investigate the possibilities to realize light extraction from single crystal diamond (SCD) nanopillars. This was achieved by dedicated 519 nm laser-induced spin-state initiation of negatively charged nitrogen vacancies (NV−). We focus on the naturally-generated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of NV−. Applied diamond was neither implanted with 14N+, nor was the CVD synthesized SCD annealed. To investigate the possibility of light extraction by the utilization of NV−’s bright photoluminescence at room temperature and ambient conditions with the waveguiding effect, we have performed a top-down nanofabrication of SCD by electron beam lithography (EBL) and dry inductively-coupled plasma/reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) to generate light focusing nanopillars. In addition, we have fluorinated the diamond’s surface by dedicated 0 V SF6 ICP plasma. Light extraction and spin manipulations were performed with photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) at room temperature. We have observed a remarkable effect based on the selective 0 V SF6 plasma etching and surprisingly, in contrast to literature findings, deactivation of NV− centers. We discuss the possible deactivation mechanism in detail.
Highlights
Diamond is the hardest material in Mohs scale that attracts attention spanning from antipodal fields of industrial abrasives to even quantum information [1]
We have developed a type of 0 V SF6 plasma and investigated its effect on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown diamond with nitrogen vacancies generated by in-situ annealing during the growth process
In case of naturally grown nitrogen vacancies, we have observed the prolonged stability of the charge state, allowing for the multiple accumulation of photoluminescence maps and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) signals with and without applied magnetic field Figure 2
Summary
Diamond is the hardest material in Mohs scale that attracts attention spanning from antipodal fields of industrial abrasives to even quantum information [1]. Diamond is composed only of isotopic mixture of sp carbon atoms (12 C and 13 C), which are ideally aligned in supercells comprised of fused chair conformed cyclohexane rings [2]. This idealized imagination of diamond is not complete, as in reality within the supercell not every carbon atom contains saturated bonds, mostly due to the impurities and crystallographic imperfections incorporated into lattice during the growth [3]. The most common synthetic methods of diamond growth are high pressure high temperature (HPHT) for Types 1a and 1b and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) for Type 2b and electronic grade.
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