Abstract
We investigate the bone generation capacity of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) immobilized Medpor surface through acrylic acid plasma-polymerization. Plasma-polymerization was carried out at a 20 W at an acrylic acid flow rate of 7 sccm for 5 min. The plasma-polymerized Medpor surface showed hydrophilic properties and possessed a high density of carboxyl groups. The rhBMP-2 was immobilized with covalently attached carboxyl groups using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide. Carboxyl groups and rhBMP-2 immobilization on the Medpor surface were identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The activity of Medpor with rhBMP-2 immobilized was examined using an alkaline phosphatase assay on MC3T3-E1 cultured Medpor. These results showed that the rhBMP-2 immobilized Medpor increased the level of MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation. These results demonstrated that plasma surface modification has the potential to immobilize rhBMP-2 on polymer implant such as Medpor and can be used for the binding of bioactive nanomolecules in bone tissue engineering.
Highlights
Polymers are widely used in medical applications, for example, as vascular grafts [1], orthopedic bearings [2], screws [3], suture anchors [4], bone cement [5], soft-tissue reconstruction [6], or drug delivery systems [7]
In this work we have set up plasma process conditions such as RF discharge power and monomer pressure to optimize the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) immobilization process on Medpor surface
Regardless of plasma treatment, porous structure of Medpor surface was observed on all samples, and pore size was approximately 200–300 μm
Summary
Polymers are widely used in medical applications, for example, as vascular grafts [1], orthopedic bearings [2], screws [3], suture anchors [4], bone cement [5], soft-tissue reconstruction [6], or drug delivery systems [7]. HDPE surface shows hydrophobic property due to the absence of polar functional groups in PE molecular chains, which limit their potential application in biomedical field [12, 13]. Recombinant human bone formation protein-2 (rhBMP2) is a class of locally signaling molecules that promote bone formation by both osteoconduction and osteoinduction [14]. This promising protein has been immobilized onto various functionalized substrates, such as titanium and its alloys, polymers, and bioceramics [15,16,17,18]. Most surfaces of the synthetic polymers underwent surface modification to induce a biological function at the interface owing to the poor hydrophobicity and lack of functional groups on its surface [20]
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