Plasma surfactant protein-A levels in apparently healthy smokers, stable and exacerbation COPD patients.

Khalid Parvez Lone

doi:10.12669/pjms.344.13951

Abstract

Objective:To compare the plasma level of surfactant protein-A in apparently healthy smokers, stable and exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients.Methods:This was a comparative study conducted from January, 2015 to March, 2016. This study was conducted on 87 subjects of both gender and age between 30-70 years. Of the total 87 subjects; 29 subjects were “healthy smokers” selected from general population as control group. Another 29 were “stable COPD” patients free of exacerbation since last six weeks. Lastly, another 29 subjects were “exacerbated COPD” patients with 7-10 days of exacerbation. COPD was diagnosed on the basis of relevant history and spirometry showing post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC <0.70. Surfactant Protein-A level (ng/ml) was estimated by a specific solid phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using automated EIA analyzer.Results:The SP-A levels, determined by competitive ELISA, was significantly higher (P<0.025) in healthy smokers (44.19±39.17 ng/ml) and exacerbated (43.86±40.17) than the stable COPD (25.89±18.85) patients. The lung function parameters (FEV1, FVC and FEV1/ FVC) were lower in COPD patients compared to healthy smokers and were related to the duration of smoking.Conclusion:Current smokers and exacerbated patients had higher values of SP-A protein than stable COPD patients since they had stopped smoking.

Highlights

Despite various government actions against it, smoking is a community based issue and its prevalence is continuously increasing
This study comprised of three experimental groups, that is, “Healthy smokers”, “Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients” and “Exacerbated COPD patients”
Out of the 65 current smokers, 23 subjects were in healthy smokers group, 20 in stable COPD group and 22 subjects were in exacerbated COPD group

Summary

Introduction

Despite various government actions against it, smoking is a community based issue and its prevalence is continuously increasing. According to World Health Organization (WHO), smoking is a factor which kills one in ten adults, globally.[1] Smoking at an early age is most likely to develop in to chronic condition such as “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)”.2. According to GOLD criteria, COPD is defined as, “It is a systemic disease characterized by airflow limitation that is irreversible and progressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory responses of the lungs to noxious particles or gases”.3. The economic burden due to COPD is increasing in United States with a prevalence of about 7.6% - 8.9%.4. Smoking at an early age is most likely to develop in to chronic condition such as “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)”.2 According to GOLD criteria, COPD is defined as, “It is a systemic disease characterized by airflow limitation that is irreversible and progressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory responses of the lungs to noxious particles or gases”.3 The economic burden due to COPD is increasing in United States with a prevalence of about 7.6% - 8.9%.4 Since, in the early

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