Plasma proteome changes in cardiovascular disease patients: novel isoforms of apolipoprotein A1

Pavel Májek,Zuzana Reicheltová,Klára Pečánková,Jiří Suttnar,Jan E Dyr,Milan Oravec,Martin Malý

doi:10.1186/1479-5876-9-84

Abstract

BackgroundThe aim of this proteomic study was to look for changes taking place in plasma proteomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and stable angina pectoris (SAP).MethodsDepleted plasma proteins were separated by 2D SDS-PAGE (pI 4-7), and proteomes were compared using Progenesis SameSpots statistical software. Proteins were identified by nanoLC-MS/MS. Proteins were quantified using commercial kits. Apolipoprotein A1 was studied using 1D and 2D SDS-PAGE, together with western blotting.ResultsReciprocal comparison revealed 46 unique, significantly different spots; proteins in 34 spots were successfully identified and corresponded to 38 different proteins. Discrete comparisons of patient groups showed 45, 41, and 8 significantly different spots when AMI, UAP, and SAP were compared with the control group. On the basis of our proteomic data, plasma levels of two of them, alpha-1 microglobulin and vitamin D-binding protein, were determined. The data, however, failed to prove the proteins to be suitable markers or risk factors in the studied groups. The plasma level and isoform representation of apolipoprotein A1 were also estimated. Using 1D and 2D SDS-PAGE, together with western blotting, we observed extra high-molecular weight apolipoprotein A1 fractions presented only in the patient groups, indicating that the novel high-molecular weight isoforms of apolipoprotein A1 may be potential new markers or possible risk factors of cardiovascular disease.ConclusionThe reported data show plasma proteome changes in patients with AMI, UAP, and SAP. We propose some apolipoprotein A1 fractions as a possible new disease-associated marker of cardiovascular disorders.

Highlights

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of premature death in Europe
The importance of measuring proteins as biomarkers has become increasingly clear, as mRNA transcripts cannot be directly correlated to protein expression [8]; and posttranslational modifications are known to be instrumental in many human diseases, including CVD
The samples were divided into four individual groups: patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST elevations; patients with unstable angina pectoris; patients with stable angina pectoris; and a control group of donors exhibiting a normal coronary angiogram

Summary

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of premature death in Europe. It is an important cause of decrease in quality of life, disability, and contributes substantially to the escalating costs of health care [1]. The importance of measuring proteins as biomarkers has become increasingly clear, as mRNA transcripts cannot be directly correlated to protein expression [8]; and posttranslational modifications are known to be instrumental in many human diseases, including CVD. The aim of this proteomic study was to look for changes taking place in plasma proteomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and stable angina pectoris (SAP)

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Discussion

Conclusion