Abstract
The appearance of plasma during optical breakdown near a target can strongly change the interaction of radiation with the target, by enhancing or weakening this interaction depending on the processing conditions. For short laser pulses (τ ∼ 1 μs), when a plasma cloud has no time to depart for a target during the laser pulse the interaction is enhanced. In this chapter, we consider the conditions for producing a plasma plume (optical breakdown near a surface) and also questions related to the physics of a developed optical discharge (nonstationary and stationary) near the sample surface. In addition, we discuss the absorption and refraction of laser radiation in the plasma plume, continuous optical discharge in a longitudinal and transverse gas flows, and optical discharge in a keyhole.
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