Abstract
To investigate the roles of plasma miR-21 in the pathogenic process of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) with diabetic retinopathy (DR). T2D patients included patients without DR (NDR) group, patients with non-proliferative/background DR (BDR) group and patients with proliferative DR (PDR) group. Healthy individuals served as control group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), urine creatinine (Cr), fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting insulin (FINS) and plasma miR-21 expression were measured. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to detect miR-21 expression. Pearson analysis was used to conduct correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyse the diagnostic value of miR-21 in T2D with DR. Compared with the control group, FBG and HbA1c increased in the NDR group; compared with the control and NDR groups, disease course, HbA1c, FPG levels and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were increased in the BDR and PDR groups; and compared with the BDR group, disease course, HbA1c and FPG levels were higher in the PDR group. miR-21 expression was higher in the BDR group than the control group, and higher in the PDR group than the BDR group. miR-21 expression was positively related with disease course, HbA1C, FPG and HOMA-IR, and had diagnostic value for T2D with DR and PDR. The plasma miR-21 expression was increased in the development of T2D with DR and can be used as an indicator for the severity of T2D with DR.
Highlights
More than 6% of the world’s population is affected by Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the prevalence across worldwide is estimated to double by 2025 [1]
The results showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.825 (95% confidence interval = 0.778−0.872; P
We investigated the role of plasma miR-21 in the pathogenic process of T2D with DR
Summary
More than 6% of the world’s population is affected by Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the prevalence across worldwide is estimated to double by 2025 [1]. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major complications in diabetic patients and considered as the major cause of new-onset blindness [2]. DR remains the most common cause of blindness among people aged 30–69 years in several countries [4]. The prevalence of DR ranges from 15.3 to 42.4% in different epidemiologic studies and both modifiable risk factors (blood glucose, pressure and lipids) and non-modifiable risk factors (duration, age and genetic predisposition) are responsible for the progression of DR [5]. Proliferative DR (PDR) is a serious diabetic microvascular complication and a leading cause of visual loss affecting the quality of life of diabetic patients, and neovascularization plays a pivotal role in the development of PDR [6]
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