Abstract
ObjectiveIn this study, we assessed plasma biomarkers to identify cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients by applying ultra-sensitive immunomagnetic reduction-based immunoassay (IMR).MethodsThe study enrolled 60 PD patients and 28 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Complete cognitive function assessments were performed on participants using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating. PD patients with an MMSE score of ≦26 were defined as having cognitive impairment. Meanwhile, a 99mTc-TRODAT-1 scan was performed and plasma levels of Aβ-40, Aβ-42, T-tau, and α-synuclein were evaluated using IMR, subsequent correlation analyses were then performed.ResultsCompared with normal adults, PD patients have higher plasma levels of α-synuclein and T-tau, and a lower level of Aβ-40 (p < 0.05). Plasma levels of α-synuclein (r = −0.323, p = 0.002), Aβ-40 (r = 0.276, p = 0.01), and T-tau (r = −0.322, p = 0.002) are significantly correlated with MMSE scores. The TRODAT scan results, including visual inspection and quantification, revealed significant correlations between Aβ-40 and PD. Multiple regression analysis showed that the plasma levels of Aβ-40 (OR = 0.921, 95% CI = 0.879–0.962), α-synuclein (OR = 3.016, 95% CI = 1.703–5.339), and T-tau (OR = 1.069, 95% CI = 1.026–1.115) were independently associated with PD patients with cognitive impairment. The cutoff values for predicting cognitive deficits in PD patients were 45.101 pg/ml of Aβ-40, (Area under curve (AUC) = 0.791), 0.389 pg/ml of α-synuclein, (AUC = 0.790), and 30.555 pg/ml of T-tau (AUC = 0.726).ConclusionPlasma levels of α-synuclein, Aβ-40, and T-tau are potential biomarkers to detect cognitive impairment in PD patients.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a serious neurodegenerative disorder commonly regarded as influencing patients’ motor system
Multiple regression analysis showed that the plasma levels of Aβ-40 (OR = 0.921, 95% CI = 0.879–0.962), α-synuclein (OR = 3.016, 95% CI = 1.703–5.339), and T-tau (OR = 1.069, 95% CI = 1.026–1.115) were independently associated with PD patients with cognitive impairment
A meta-analysis report reviewing 16 studies of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and cognitive impairment in PD patients concluded that both amyloid pathology and tauopathy could be involved in the development of dementia in PD patients, similar to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Hu et al, 2017)
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a serious neurodegenerative disorder commonly regarded as influencing patients’ motor system. There is substantial evidence indicating that the conversion of α-synuclein from soluble monomers to aggregated, insoluble forms in the brain is a pathognomonic finding in PD patients. This mechanism may be found in human bodily fluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood plasma (El-Agnaf et al, 2003; Martin et al, 2004). A meta-analysis report reviewing 16 studies of CSF biomarkers and cognitive impairment in PD patients concluded that both amyloid pathology and tauopathy could be involved in the development of dementia in PD patients, similar to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Hu et al, 2017). Studies investigating plasma biomarkers and correlations to cognitive decline in PD patients remain lacking
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