Abstract
Background: Premature adrenarche (PA) is characterized by presence of isolated pubic and/or axillary hair, acne and body odor before age 8(9) in girls (boys). These individuals are at increased risk of developing insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and polycistic ovarian syndrome. Irisin seems to have an active role in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, however little is known about this hormone in PA.Objective: To analyze irisin levels in children diagnosed with PA and its relationship with their body composition.Methodology: Exploratory cross-sectional study that evaluated 15 children with PA and 15 matched controls (C). Anthropometric data were measured: height, weight, waist circumference (WC) and triceps skinfold. Fasting blood glucose(G), insulin(I), 17OHP, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, DHEA-S, 25(OH)D and irisin levels were determined.Results: The levels (mean±SEM) of triglycerides [99±14, 8mg/dl (C); 68±9, 1mg/dl (AP)] and 25(OH) D [26±0, 9ng/ml(C); 30.2±1.6ng/ml (AP)] were significantly different between the groups. WC above p90 and G/ I<7 were found in 6.7% of the C group versus 33.3% and 20% of the PA group, respectively.Conclusions: PA children presented a lower G/I and a higher waist WC compared to the C group, suggesting an increased risk of metabolic disease. Irisin levels were not different between the groups. The significantly higher levels of TGs from the C group may be related to their reduced levels of 25(OH) D, which may also have masked differences in irisin levels. This study suggests that determination of vitamin D levels may be necessary to evaluate metabolic data, based on the significant frequency of this hormone insufficiency/deficiency in the pediatric population.
Highlights
Irisin seems to have an active role in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, little is known about this hormone in Premature adrenarche (PA)
These results suggest that the PA group may have a risk in developing metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes mellitus 2 (DM2) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Scientific studies have shown that patients with a metabolic profile similar to that of children with PA had higher levels of irisin when compared to controls without Mets (Park et al 2013) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (Chang et al 2014)
Summary
Premature adrenarche (PA) results in appearance of pubic hair and/or axillary, acne and body odor before 8 years of age in girls and before 9 in boys. Premature adrenarche (PA) is characterized by presence of isolated pubic and/or axillary hair, acne and body odor before age 8(9) in girls (boys). These individuals are at increased risk of developing insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and polycistic ovarian syndrome. Conclusions: PA children presented a lower G/I and a higher waist WC compared to the C group, suggesting an increased risk of metabolic disease. This study suggests that determination of vitamin D levels may be necessary to evaluate metabolic data, based on the significant frequency of this hormone insufficiency/deficiency in the pediatric population
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