Abstract
BackgroundTo compare plasma fatty acids (FAs) between participants with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and participants without neuropathy in an elderly population and to investigate specific FAs pattern in POAG.MethodsWe conducted a population-based study in participants older than 75 years. Participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination with optic nerve photographs, visual field test and optic nerve OCT with RNFL thickness measurement. Glaucomatous status was defined according to the International Society for Epidemiologic and Geographical Ophthalmology classification. Lipids were extracted from plasma and FAs methylesters prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.ResultsAmong the 1153 participants of the Montrachet study 810 were retained for analysis and 68 had POAG. The mean age was 82.11 ± 3.67. In multivariable analysis FAs levels were not different between POAG participants and controls (P = 0.078). A FAs pattern characterized by high negative weight of gamma-linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), Cis-7 hexadecenoic acid monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and high positive weight of eicosadienoic acid, docosatetraenoic acid, docosapentaenoic n-6, alpha linoleic acid PUFAs, eicosenoic acid MUFAs, margaric acid and behenic acid saturated FAs was positively associated with POAG. After adjustment for major confounders, individuals in the upper tertile of FAs pattern scores compared with those in the lower tertile were more likely to present POAG (OR = 3.09 [95% CI 1.29–7.40] P = 0.013).ConclusionsWe found no significant difference regarding isolated plasma FAs between participants with POAG and participants without neuropathy in elderly but specific FAs pattern might be associated with POAG.
Highlights
Glaucoma is the most common optic neuropathy leading to irreversible blindness worldwide [1]
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been suspected to play a role in the pathogenesis through their inflammatory and vascular regulation activity [19]
Previous studies investigated the link between some plasma and red blood cells membrane (RBCm) fatty acids (FAs) and the presence of glaucoma, notably docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), ALA, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) [19,20,21]
Summary
Glaucoma is the most common optic neuropathy leading to irreversible blindness worldwide [1]. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are essential molecules of our organism They are constituents of cell membrane, precursors of hormones such as prostaglandins and steroids and participate in the regulation of genes [12]. Previous studies investigated the link between some plasma and red blood cells membrane (RBCm) fatty acids (FAs) and the presence of glaucoma, notably docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), ALA, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) [19,20,21]. Results of these case-control studies converge towards a reduction of omega 3, especially of EPA and DHA in glaucomatous participants. To compare plasma fatty acids (FAs) between participants with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and participants without neuropathy in an elderly population and to investigate specific FAs pattern in POAG
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