Plasma Exosome-Derived Sentrin SUMO-Specific Protease 1: A Prognostic Biomarker in Patients With Osteosarcoma.

Li Wang,Jinbo Liu,Haining Chen,Jian Wu,Yong Hu,Shu Song,Buwei Xu

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.625109

Abstract

BackgroundThe exosomes contain many important proteins that can be used for early tumor diagnosis or patient prognosis analysis. In this study, we investigated plasma exosome-derived sentrin SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1) levels as a prognostic biomarker in patients with osteosarcoma.MethodsThe expression of SENP1 protein in osteosarcoma tissues and adjacent tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. ELISA was used to detect plasma exosome-derived SENP1 levels to assess prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.ResultsIHC showed that the positive expression rate of SENP1 in osteosarcoma tissues was 88.33%, whereas that in adjacent tissues was 46.67% (P < 0.05). Plasma exosome-derived SENP1 levels were related to tumor size, tumor location, necrosis rate, pulmonary metastasis, and surgical stage. Both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were worse in patients who had higher plasma exosome-derived SENP1 levels compared with those in patients with lower plasma exosome-derived SENP1 levels (P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of plasma exosome-derived SENP1, as 1-year DFS and 3-year DFS prognostic biomarkers, was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.83–0.98) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94–0.99), respectively. As to OS, the AUROC of plasma exosome-derived SENP1 for 1-year and 3-year prediction was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82–0.99) and 0.96 (0.93–0.98), respectively. The plasma exosome-derived SENP1 was better than plasma SENP1 as a prognostic biomarker both in DFS and OS.ConclusionsOur findings show that the plasma exosome-derived SENP1 may serve as a novel and independent prognostic predictor in clinical applications.

Highlights

Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor that often occurs in adolescents and mostly grows around the knee joint
Plasma exosomederived sentrin sumo-specific protease 1 (SENP1) levels were related to tumor size, tumor location, necrosis rate, pulmonary metastasis, and surgical stage
The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of plasma exosomederived SENP1, as 1-year disease-free survival (DFS) and 3-year DFS prognostic biomarkers, was 0.90 and 0.96, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor that often occurs in adolescents and mostly grows around the knee joint. The survival time of patients without metastasis increased by about 70%, patients in remission after clinical treatment have a high risk of recurrence, because of the high degree of malignancy, aggressiveness, and rapid progression of osteosarcoma [6]. There are still a lack of tumor markers for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of osteosarcoma [7]. It is important to find clinically specific, conveniently detected and effective biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of osteosarcoma. The exosomes contain many important proteins that can be used for early tumor diagnosis or patient prognosis analysis. We investigated plasma exosome-derived sentrin SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1) levels as a prognostic biomarker in patients with osteosarcoma

Methods

Results

Conclusion