Abstract
A plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is an electrochemical and eco-friendly process where the surface features of the metal substrate are changed remarkably by electrochemical reactions accompanied by plasma micro-discharges. A stiff, adhesive, and conformal oxide layer on the Zr and Zr-alloy substrates can be formed by applying the PEO process. The review describes recent progress on various applications and functionality of PEO coatings in light of increasing industrial, medical, and optoelectronic demands for the production of advanced coatings. Besides, it explains how the PEO coating can address concerns about employing protective and long-lasting coatings with a remarkable biocompatibility and a broad excitation and absorption range of photoluminescence. A general overview of the process parameters of coatings is provided, accompanied by some information related to the biological conditions, under which, coatings are expected to function. The focus is to explain how the biocompatibility of coatings can be improved by tailoring the coating process. After that, corrosion and wear performance of PEO coatings are described in light of recognizing parameters that lead to the formation of coatings with outstanding performance in extreme loading conditions and corrosive environments. Finally, a future outlook and suggested research areas are outlined. The emerging applications derived from paramount features of the coating are considered in light of practical properties of coatings in areas including biocompatibility and bioactivity, corrosion and wear protection, and photoluminescence of coatings
Highlights
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is a promising electrochemical technique to form ceramic coatings using plasma-assisted oxidation on a broad range of metals, such as Mg, Ti, and Zr [1,2,3]
We presented a detailed review of PEO coatings in Part-I of this issue, where the attention given was on deriving a deeper fundamental understanding of the PEO growth mechanisms and the effect of process parameters on transient discharge behavior at breakdown, initiation, and growth of the oxide layer, and on the incorporation of species from electrolyte
The PEO process has demonstrated promising results in reducing the risks associated with using the PEO coated Zr
Summary
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is a promising electrochemical technique to form ceramic coatings using plasma-assisted oxidation on a broad range of metals, such as Mg, Ti, and Zr [1,2,3]. Forming PEO layers on valve metals boosts surface performances in many applications by enhancing the structural reliability and extending the longevity of functional properties. We explained the paramount roles of the electrical, compositional variables in determining the characteristics of coatings formed during the PEO process. These variables, such as current mode and density, waveform, and duty cycle, would considerably influence the alteration of coatings’ surface and composition features. The present review provides the functional features of PEO to approach studying the applicability of coatings with special emphasis on imperative phenomena and applications of interest, such as biocompatibility in medical implantation, extensive endurance of coatings under applied loadings, outstanding protection of underlayer in exposure to corrosive environments, and a broad photoluminescence range. Future outlook and prospective progress in synergy with enhancing both pre- and post-treatments are given to provide advanced functionality of PEO coatings are outlined
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