Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate cytokine levels in plasma samples over time from living-donor renal transplant recipients with no evidence of pathological and clinical rejection at least 1 year post-procedure.MethodsWe examined plasma cytokine levels in 15 living-donor renal transplant recipients who were treated at our hospital from 2015 to 2018 and who presented with no evidence of pathological or clinical rejection for 1 year or longer. We collected blood samples before renal transplantation and at 1 week and 1 year post-procedure. We evaluated levels of 40 cytokines in plasma using Bio-Plex Pro™ Human Chemokine Assay kit.ResultsWe detected no increase in plasma cytokine levels at either the 1 week or the 1 year time points. Plasma levels of 22 cytokines remained stable throughout and levels of 18 cytokine decreased after transplantation.ConclusionPlasma cytokine levels remained unchanged or were decreased in our patient cohort that included stable cases of living-donor renal transplantation. Our results suggest that renal transplantation may promote amelioration of chronic inflammation associated with end-stage renal failure and dialysis.
Highlights
38,000 patients begin renal dialysis each year in Japan, while the number of renal transplantations remains low, at 1800 a year
Previous reports have focused on an association between acute rejection within 3 months of the renal transplantation procedure and levels of serum cytokines [1,2,3,4]; others have focused on the association of cytokine levels with progression to end-stage renal failure, uremia, and modulations in response to dialysis [5]
Of the 30 livingdonor renal transplantations carried out at the Department of Urology, Iwate Medical University, from 2015 to August 2018, we identified 15 cases that could be tracked for 1 year or longer who presented with no signs or symptoms of clinical or pathological rejection
Summary
38,000 patients begin renal dialysis each year in Japan, while the number of renal transplantations remains low, at 1800 a year. The 5-year rejection rate after living-donor renal transplantation is 7% and the 10-year rate is 15% according to the Factbook 2018; these numbers indicate that there is significant loss of transplant function over a relatively brief period of time. The most frequent reason for loss of transplant function is chronic rejection. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports that have examined the changes in cytokine levels over time in a comprehensive manner for a period of 1 year or longer among patients with successful renal transplantation. We evaluated levels of 40 distinct cytokines in 15 living-donor (2020) 6:48 recipients both prior to and at time points after successful renal transplantation
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