Plasma concentrations of lidocaine in dogs following lidocaine patch application over an incision compared to intact skin.

Abstract

The objective was to compare plasma lidocaine concentrations when a commercially available 5% lidocaine patch was placed on intact skin vs. an incision. Our hypothesis was that greater absorption of lidocaine would occur from the incision site compared to intact skin. Ten dogs were used in a crossover design. A patch was placed over an incision, and then after a washout period, a patch was placed over intact skin. Plasma lidocaine concentrations were measured at patch placement; 20, 40 and 60min; and 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96h after patch placement. After patch removal, the skin was graded using a subjective skin reaction system. No dogs required rescue analgesia, and no toxicity or skin reaction was noted. Mean±SD AUC and CMAX were 3054.29±1095.93ng·h/mL and 54.1±15.84ng/mL in the Incision Group, and 2269.9±1037.08ng·h/mL and 44.5±16.34ng/mL in the No-Incision Group, respectively. The AUC was significantly higher in the Incision Group. The results of the study demonstrate that the actual body exposure to lidocaine was significantly higher when an incision was present compared to intact skin. No adverse effects were observed from either treatment. Efficacy was not evaluated.