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Abstract
Coffee consumption has been reported to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in experimental and epidemiological studies. This anti-diabetic effect of coffee may be attributed to its high content in polyphenols especially caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid. However, the association between plasma coffee polyphenols and diabetic risks has never been investigated in the literature. In this study, fasting plasma samples were collected from 57 generally healthy females aged 38–73 (mean 52, s.d. 8) years recruited in Himeji, Japan. The concentrations of plasma coffee polyphenols were determined by liquid chromatography coupled with mass tandem spectrometer. Diabetes biomarkers in the plasma/serum samples were analysed by a commercial diagnostic laboratory. Statistical associations were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficients. The results showed that plasma chlorogenic acid exhibited negative associations with fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and C-reactive protein, whereas plasma total coffee polyphenol and plasma caffeic acid were weakly associated with these biomarkers. Our preliminary data support previous findings that coffee polyphenols have anti-diabetic effects but further replications with large samples of both genders are recommended.
Highlights
Coffee consumption has been reported to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in clinical and epidemiological studies
In an animal study using wild-type mice, coffee polyphenols significantly increased gut-derived active glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through increased intracellular cyclic AMP.[2]
It should be remarked that these experimental studies were conducted using in vitro islets cells of rat pancreas or glucose
Summary
Coffee consumption has been reported to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in clinical and epidemiological studies. In an animal study using wild-type mice, coffee polyphenols significantly increased gut-derived active glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through increased intracellular cyclic AMP.[2] Recently, an extract of coffee polyphenols was found to improve postprandial hyperglycemia and decrease oxidative stress in healthy male subjects.[3] the bioavailability and metabolism of coffee polyphenols are known to vary between individuals; as such, the plasma concentration of coffee polyphenols may more accurately reflect the ‘net exposure’ of tissues and cells to these polyphenols than the estimated coffee intake.[4] To date, there has been no report on the apparent association between coffee polyphenols in circulation and plasma biomarkers of type 2 diabetes in healthy population. The present study aimed to determine the plasma concentrations of caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, the two major and most abundant coffee polyphenols, in generally healthy subjects, and to assess their association with the plasma biomarkers of diabetes risk. Japanese women were investigated in view of their relatively high consumption of coffee, and coffee polyphenols provide a major source of antioxidants in the Japanese population.[5]
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