Abstract
Electron beam welding (EBW) shows certain problems with the control of focus regime. The electron beam focus can be controlled in electron-beam welding based on the parameters of a secondary signal. In this case, the parameters like secondary emissions and focus coil current have extreme relationships. There are two values of focus coil current which provide equal value signal parameters. Therefore, adaptive systems of electron beam focus control use low-frequency scanning of focus, which substantially limits the operation speed of these systems and has a negative effect on weld joint quality. The purpose of this study is to develop a method for operational control of the electron beam focus during welding in the deep penetration mode. The method uses the plasma charge current signal as an additional informational parameter. This parameter allows identification of the electron beam focus regime in electron-beam welding without application of additional low-frequency scanning of focus. It can be used for working out operational electron beam control methods focusing exactly on the welding. In addition, use of this parameter allows one to observe the shape of the keyhole during the welding process.
Highlights
Electron beam welding (EBW) is a fusion welding process often done in a vacuum
Certain problems arise in the EBW process, which are related to instability of weld-joint formation and difficulties in creating and controlling an optimal focus regime
A major limitation in controlling such a focus regime is the lack of understanding of the processes occurring during EBW
Summary
Electron beam welding (EBW) is a fusion welding process often done in a vacuum. The process has a number of advantages: high power concentration in the electron beam, easy control of the energy flow into the metal, smaller heat-affected areas, equal strength of the weld joint and main metal, etc.These advantages allow the use of electron beams for welding reactive and nonferrous metals, high-tensile and heat-resistant alloys that are typically used in the production of critical products.certain problems arise in the EBW process, which are related to instability of weld-joint formation and difficulties in creating and controlling an optimal focus regime. Electron beam welding (EBW) is a fusion welding process often done in a vacuum. The process has a number of advantages: high power concentration in the electron beam, easy control of the energy flow into the metal, smaller heat-affected areas, equal strength of the weld joint and main metal, etc. These advantages allow the use of electron beams for welding reactive and nonferrous metals, high-tensile and heat-resistant alloys that are typically used in the production of critical products. Certain problems arise in the EBW process, which are related to instability of weld-joint formation and difficulties in creating and controlling an optimal focus regime. The complex character and high speed of these processes make numerical modeling very difficult, forcing researchers to rely on experimental research methods
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