Plasma Catestatin Levels and Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients on Hemodialysis.

Mirko Luketin,Maja Mizdrak,Dinko Martinovic,Daria Tokic,Tina Ticinovic Kurir,Dijana Boric-Skaro,Daniela Supe-Domic,Josko Bozic,Marino Vilovic

doi:10.3390/biom11030456

Abstract

Catestatin (CST) is a pleiotropic peptide involved in cardiovascular protection with its antihypertensive and angiogenic effects. Considering that patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are associated with higher cardiovascular risk, the aim of this study was to investigate plasma CST levels in HD patients, compare them to healthy controls and evaluate possible CST associations with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and laboratory, anthropometric and clinical parameters. The study included 91 patients on HD and 70 healthy controls. Plasma CST levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a commercially available diagnostic kit, while AGEs were determined using skin autofluorescence. Plasma CST levels were significantly higher in the HD group compared to the controls (32.85 ± 20.18 vs. 5.39 ± 1.24 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and there was a significant positive correlation between CST and AGEs (r = 0.492, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between plasma CST levels with both the Dialysis Malnutrition Score (r = 0.295, p = 0.004) and Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (r = 0.290, p = 0.005). These results suggest that CST could be playing a role in the complex pathophysiology of ESRD/HD and that it could affect the higher cardiovascular risk of patients on HD.

Highlights

That is in line with the outcomes of a recent cohort study conducted by Sun et al, which showed significantly higher levels of CST in patients undergoing HD compared to the healthy controls
This study showed that the levels of both CST and advanced glycation end product (AGE) are significantly higher in patients undergoing HD compared to the healthy control group
That is in line with the outcomes of a recent cohort study conducted by Sun et al, which showed significantly higher levels of CST in patients undergoing HD compared to the healthy controls [32]

Summary

Introduction

There was a significant positive correlation between plasma CST levels with both the Dialysis Malnutrition Score (r = 0.295, p = 0.004) and MalnutritionInflammation Score (r = 0.290, p = 0.005) These results suggest that CST could be playing a role in the complex pathophysiology of ESRD/HD and that it could affect the higher cardiovascular risk of patients on HD. ESRD has grown to a global health concern, with the latest reports showing that the total number of ESRD patients is increasing rapidly [3,4]. Hemodialysis (HD) is an artificial process which removes excess water and toxins from the blood It is the most frequently used renal replacement therapy for ESRD patients [6].

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