Abstract
Objective: In this study, we plan to measure plasma Catalase (CAT), Antioxidant Activity (AOA) and Glu- tathione-S-Transferase (GST) levels to understand whether oxidative stress develops or not and whether or not the detoxification mechanism properly functions in children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Method and Results: Plasma CAT, AOA, and GST activities were spectrophotometrically measured in forty patients (average age 10.27 ± 2.54) and thirty-five (average age, 9.97 ± 2.59) healthy individuals as the control group. While the CAT activity showed no difference in the patient group (P > 0.05) compared to the control group, AOA and GST levels were found significantly meaningful (P = 0.001). Conclusion: In this pilot study ,the study shows that no oxidative stress develops in individuals with ADHD in high AOA and stable CAT activity, and that the de- toxification mechanism functions extremely in high GST activity. These findings need to be supported by other studies.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is generally considered as a condition underlying many diseases, and it is defined as an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) or a decrease in antioxidant defense
In this study, we plan to measure plasma Catalase (CAT), Antioxidant Activity (AOA) and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) levels to understand whether oxidative stress develops or not and whether or not the detoxification mechanism properly functions in children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with unknown etiology and pathogenesis
The diagnosis of ADHD was principally established according to medical history and DSM-IV criteria [23]; parents of children in the study group were asked to fill out the “Screening and Evaluation Scale of Destructive Behavioral Disorders” based on DSM-IV and this data was combined with clinical examination to establish a diagnosis of (ADHD) in children meeting the DSM-IV criteria
Summary
Oxidative stress is generally considered as a condition underlying many diseases, and it is defined as an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) or a decrease in antioxidant defense. ROS are molecules containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formed during normal metabolism processes, stable oxygen superoxide atom like The capacity of antioxidant defense systems to catch ROS is highly important in protecting the tissues from oxidative damage. Cells and biological fluids have a series of enzymatic (like Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST)) and non-enzymatic (Tocopherols, Carotenoids, and Flavonoids as lipid phase; Ascorbate, Urate, Glutathione, and other thiols as liquid phase) protective antioxidant mechanisms; acting together, they protect the cells from oxidative damage and prevent the formation of radicals [1,2,3,4]. It is a dynamic equilibrium that is influenced by the interactions such as cholesterol, urea, proteins etc. between each serum antioxidative constituent
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