Plasma and pituitary luteinizing hormone and peripheral plasma oestradiol concentrations in the normal oestrous cycle of the rat and after experimental manipulation of the cycle.

Abstract

SUMMARY Plasma and pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay at different stages of the normal 4- and 5-day oestrous cycle of rats. Plasma levels were low except between the afternoon of pro-oestrus and the morning of oestrus when levels were high but variable. Pituitary LH content and concentration were less consistent but averaged values showed a steady rise from a low level after ovulation to a peak on the afternoon of pro-oestrus, and a rapid fall that evening when plasma levels rose rapidly. No significant differences were observed in plasma LH between 4- and 5-day cycles; in particular there was no reduction at metoestrus or dioestrus-1 or increase on the evening of dioestrus-2. Plasma oestradiol was already high on the morning of dioestrus-2 in some rats and in all rats by that evening. On the morning of pro-oestrus in the 5-day cycle, plasma oestradiol was still high but somewhat lower than at the corresponding stage in the 4-day cycle. Blocking ovulation by administration of sodium pentobarbitone at prooestrus in a 4-day cycle prevented the rise in plasma LH and the fall in pituitary content. Blocking generally failed in animals whose plasma LH had reached the level of 20 ng/ml or more at the time of injection. Plasma oestradiol levels on the morning of the expected day of oestrus were higher than normal in animals in which ovulation was blocked by pentobarbitone but were below pro-oestrous values. In the anovulatory state induced by exposure to constant light no major increase in plasma LH was detected after 24 days of illumination or after 3 months exposure. Animals rendered anovulatory by injection of testosterone propionate on the 4th day of postnatal life had low plasma LH levels as adults. All three groups had a low pituitary LH content. The animals exposed to long-term light and those treated with androgen generally had plasma oestradiol concentrations below the peak levels seen on the morning of pro-oestrus in the normal cycle.