Plasma adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and resistin levels and the onset of colonic polyps in patients with prediabetes

Lili Deng,Yalei Wang,Qunhui Zhang,Xiaotong Zhao,Mingwei Chen,Ruofei Chen,Hua Ji

doi:10.1186/s12902-020-0540-7

Abstract

BackgroundPrediabetes is associated with a high risk of colon cancer, and abdominal obesity, which can result in the secretion of several obesity-related adipocytokines, is an independent influencing factor for colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects. However, the correlation between adipocytokine levels and colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects is unclear. This research explores the relationship between plasma adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and resistin levels and the development of colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects.MethodsA total of 468 prediabetes subjects who underwent electronic colonoscopy examinations were enrolled in this study; there were 248 cases of colonic polyps and 220 cases without colonic mucosal lesions. Then, colonic polyps patients with prediabetes were subdivided into a single-polyp group, multiple-polyps group, low-risk polyps group, or high-risk polyps group. In addition, 108 subjects with normal glucose tolerance who were frequency matched with prediabetes subjects by sex and age were selected as the control group; 46 control subjects had polyps, and 62 control subjects were polyp-free. Plasma adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and resistin levels were measured in all the subjects, and the related risk factors of colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects were analysed.ResultsPlasma adiponectin levels were significantly lower in the polyps group than in the polyp-free group [normal glucose tolerance (9.8 ± 4.8 vs 13.3 ± 3.9) mg/L, P = 0.013; prediabetes (5.6 ± 3.7 vs 9.2 ± 4.4) mg/L, P = 0.007]. In prediabetes subjects, plasma adiponectin levels were decreased significantly in the multiple polyps group [(4.3 ± 2.6 vs 6.7 ± 3.9) mg/L, P = 0.031] and the high-risk polyps group [(3.7 ± 2.9 vs 7.4 ± 3.5) mg/L, P < 0.001] compared to their control groups. Plasma visfatin levels were higher in the polyps group and the multiple-polyps group than those in their control groups (P = 0.041 and 0.042, respectively), and no significant difference in plasma leptin and resistin levels was observed between these three pairs of groups (all P > 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower levels of plasma adiponectin was a risk factor for colonic polyps, multiple colonic polyps, and high-risk colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects.ConclusionsPlasma adiponectin levels are inversely associated with colonic polyps, multiple colonic polyps, and high-risk colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects. And adiponectin may be involved in the development of colon tumours in prediabetes subjects.

Highlights

Prediabetes is associated with a high risk of colon cancer, and abdominal obesity, which can result in the secretion of several obesity-related adipocytokines, is an independent influencing factor for colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects
We investigated whether changes in plasma adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and resistin levels are associated with the onset of colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects
Comparison of clinical parameters among the polyp-free group with normal glucose tolerance, colonic polyps group with normal glucose tolerance, polyp-free group with prediabetes, and colonic polyps group with prediabetes Compared with the polyp-free group with normal glucose tolerance, the average age, plasma visfatin levels, and proportion of family history with colon cancer in the colonic polyps group with normal glucose tolerance were significantly higher (P = 0.032 for age; P = 0.028 for visfatin; P = 0.042 for family history with colon cancer, respectively); plasma adiponectin levels were significantly lower [(9.8 ± 4.8 vs 13.3 ± 3.9) mg/L, P = 0.013], and the other clinical parameters were not statistically significant between the two groups (P > 0.05) (Table 1, Fig. 2)

Summary

Introduction

Prediabetes is associated with a high risk of colon cancer, and abdominal obesity, which can result in the secretion of several obesity-related adipocytokines, is an independent influencing factor for colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects. The correlation between adipocytokine levels and colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects is unclear. This research explores the relationship between plasma adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and resistin levels and the development of colonic polyps in prediabetes subjects. Prediabetes can lead to an increased risk of various forms of cardiovascular disease, which has become the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes [2, 3]. Diabetes and prediabetes are associated with an increased risk of cancer-related death, and mortality increases with increasing glucose concentrations in a linear manner across all types of cancers [4]. Cha JM et al reported that prediabetes was associated with an increased prevalence of multiple and high-risk colorectal adenomas and was an independent risk factor for high-risk colorectal adenoma [6]; the biological mechanism linking prediabetes and the presence of colorectal adenoma has not been fully elucidated

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Conclusion