Abstract

Polyethylene powder of average particle diameter of 160 µm was activated in a plasma reactor made from aluminum of volume 64 dm3 at the pressure 100 Pa. Dense oxygen plasma was sustained with a microwave discharge powered by a pulsed magnetron source of power 1 kW mounted onto the top flange of the plasma reactor. Polymer powder was treated in a batch mode with 0.25 kg/batch. The powder was placed into a stainless-steel dish mounted in the center of the reactor where diffusing plasma of low ion density, and the O-atom density of 2 × 1021 m−3 was sustained. The powder was stirred in the dish at the rate of 40 rpm. The evolution of powder wettability versus treatment time was measured using the Washburne method, and the surface composition was determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The wettability versus the oxygen concentration assumed a parabolic behavior. The maximal oxygen concentration, as revealed by XPS, was 17.5 at.%, and the maximal increase of wettability was 220%. The efficiency of O-atoms utilization in these experimental conditions was about 10% taking into account the spherical geometry of dust particles and perfectly smooth surface. The method is scalable to large industrial systems.

Highlights

  • Polyethylene (PE) is a low-melting-point polyolefin that consists of nonpolar, saturated, high molecular weight hydrocarbons

  • Polymer powder of 250 g per batch was poured into the stainless-steel dish, which was equipped with a simple device for stirring

  • The experiments and simple calculations provided in this paper indicate the usefulness of stirring polymer powder upon treatment with weakly ionized oxygen plasma of moderately high dissociation fraction

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Summary

Introduction

Polyethylene (PE) is a low-melting-point polyolefin that consists of nonpolar, saturated, high molecular weight hydrocarbons. Due to easiness of handling and the low price, it is the most commonly used plastic. It exhibits a low electrical conductivity, so it is suitable for insulation elements between the electrodes. It is chemically inert and useful in numerous applications. Its composition and structure prevent interaction with most other materials, the surface properties should be modified to assure for reasonable adhesion of any material connected to a product made from PE [1]. A standard technique for increasing the surface energy and increasing the adhesion properties is a brief treatment with gaseous plasma. A piece of PE is exposed to plasma rich in oxidizing radicals such as O, OH, N, NO, etc

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