Abstract
Climate change has led to an increased number of abiotic and biotic stresses, and the plants experience these stresses simultaneously. Abiotic stresses like drought, heat, and salinity greatly influence plant-pathogen interaction when co-occurring with the biotic stressors. Recent studies have shown that combined stresses induce unique physiological and molecular responses, which involve rewiring of the hormonal pathways, accumulation of various metabolites and induction or suppression of immunity genes in plants. The net impact of the interaction, which depends on a multitude of factors, thus, modulates the effect of biotic stressors on plants by either increasing or decreasing plants susceptibility towards them. The present review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the biotic and abiotic stress interactions in plants. We have discussed the role of drought, salt, and heat stress in influencing pathogen infection in plants in brief. Plants responses to the three types of combined stresses are compared to decipher the common and unique plant responses to these stresses.
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