Abstract
To reduce the potentially irreversible environmental impacts caused by fossil fuels, the use of renewable energy sources must be increased on a global scale. One promising source of biomass and bioenergy is sugarcane. The study of this crop’s development in different planting seasons can aid in successfully cultivating it in global climate change scenarios. The sugarcane variety SP80-3280 was field grown under two planting seasons with different climatic conditions. A systems biology approach was taken to study the changes on physiological, morphological, agrotechnological, transcriptomics, and metabolomics levels in the leaf +1, and immature, intermediate and mature internodes. Most of the variation found within the transcriptomics and metabolomics profiles is attributed to the differences among the distinct tissues. However, the integration of both transcriptomics and metabolomics data highlighted three main metabolic categories as the principal sources of variation across tissues: amino acid metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism. Differences in ripening and metabolite levels mainly in leaves and mature internodes may reflect the impact of contrasting environmental conditions on sugarcane development. In general, the same metabolites are found in mature internodes from both “one-year” and “one-and-a-half-year sugarcane”, however, some metabolites (i.e., phenylpropanoids with economic value) and natural antisense transcript expression are only detected in the leaves of “one-year” sugarcane.
Highlights
Introduction iationsThe continuous use and misuse of fossil fuels have led to the risk of their depletion, as well as severe and potentially irreversible environmental threats [1,2]
For the “one-and-a-half-year” sugarcane from the fields 11 (F1), the observed retarded vegetative growth during the initial months after planting is attributed to the lower precipitation and lower accumulated growing degree days (AGDD) since it has been proved that internode development and culm elongation are the most sensitive morphological alterations in sugarcane affected by water deficits [45]
Morphological and technological data evidenced that precipitation and temperature have significant influences on sugarcane development, and that the developmental profiles are established within the first four months of planting
Summary
The continuous use and misuse of fossil fuels have led to the risk of their depletion, as well as severe and potentially irreversible environmental threats [1,2]. Critical reductions in global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are required to achieve the goal of keeping the increase in the average global temperature to well below 2 ◦ C in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication [3]. One way of achieving this is to increase the use of renewable energy sources, such as biofuels, like bioethanol produced from sugarcane, which can be used to fuel society as well as reduce GHG emissions [4]. In Brazil, sugarcane plants are mainly planted in two different seasons March or October/November) in South-Eastern Brazil and the cropping season and best. Significant alterations in climatic patterns are being observed due to global climate change and its effects are expected to increase even more by the turn of the century [5].
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