Abstract
Maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV) is one of the main yield-limiting factors of maize in the Mediterranean. However, knowledge about the interactions between the agroecosystem and the virus–vector–host relationship continues to be limited. We used multi-model inference to test a landscape-scale approach together with variables measured in the field, and we estimated the effects of early and late planting on MRDV incidence. The results revealed that the virus incidence increased by 3% when the planting was delayed, and this increase was coincident with the first peak of the vector population. The variables at the field and landscape scales with a strong effect on virus incidence were the proportions of grasses in adjacent crops, in uncultivated areas, and in edges close to maize plants. Grass plant cover in the edges also affected virus incidence, but these effects varied with the planting period. These findings provide new insights into the causes of MRDV incidence and may provide some guidance to growers to reduce losses caused by the virus. Among the recommendations to be prioritized are early planting, management of grasses at field edges, and non-overlapping cultivation of maize and winter cereals in the same area.
Highlights
IntroductionIn Spain, the population dynamics of L. striatellus on maize show abrupt seasonal fluctuations, with one peak in June and another in September[17,18]
To further extend the knowledge of infection risk drivers, we asked the following questions: (1) can we elucidate, from a landscape perspective, the main epidemiological factors driving the incidence of an endemic virus? (2) What are the landscape and field variables involved in the risk of maize infection by MRDV? (3) Are the same factors involved in maize fields sown early and late?
We present the effects of significant variables (*) on MRDV models and how they varied depending on the planting period represented by the confidence intervals, which contain a wide range of incidences of MRDV
Summary
In Spain, the population dynamics of L. striatellus on maize show abrupt seasonal fluctuations, with one peak in June and another in September[17,18]. These studies determined that the incidence of MRDV was correlated with the first captures in maize fields during the first developmental stages of the crop. This study aimed to identify the landscape and field factors that are mainly involved in MRDD epidemiology in our area. To further extend the knowledge of infection risk drivers, we asked the following questions: (1) can we elucidate, from a landscape perspective, the main epidemiological factors driving the incidence of an endemic virus? (2) What are the landscape and field variables involved in the risk of maize infection by MRDV? (3) Are the same factors involved in maize fields sown early and late?
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