Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density and cultivar of soybean on yield components in the southeast Amazon. The experiment was carried out in an Oxisol, with a randomized block design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. The treatments were two soybean cultivars (BRS 9090 RR and BRS 8990 RR) and four planting densities (13, 15, 18 and 20 plants m-1), with three replications. First pod insertion height (IFP), plant height (H), number of pods per plant (NPP), grain yield (Y) and weight of 100 grains (W100) were evaluated. The insertion height of the first pod showed a tendency of increase with the increment of plants per linear meter for cultivar BRS 8990 RR, different of the behavior observed for the cultivar BRS 9090 RR, which only showed difference when the density of 300.000 plants ha-1 was tested. For plant height, among soybean cultivars, there was only difference in D400, with BRS 8990 RR showing a maximum height of 83.3 cm, 21% higher than BRS 9090 RR. When evaluated under D350, BRS 8990 RR showed an increase of 13% in the number of pods compared to BRS 9090 RR. Both cultivars showed linear behavior for the grain yield, increasing according the plant population, with the highest grain yield obtained under the density of 400.000 plants ha-1 (4527.3 kg ha-1). The weight of 100 grains was not influenced by any variation factor.
Highlights
Among soybean cultivars, there was only difference in D400, with BRS 8990 RR showing a maximum height of 83.3 cm, 21% higher than BRS 9090 RR
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the main oilseed commodities grown in the world and has great socioeconomic importance for Brazil, which is one of the main producers
There was no interaction between cultivars and planting densities on the studied variables, except for the number of pods per plant
Summary
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the main oilseed commodities grown in the world and has great socioeconomic importance for Brazil, which is one of the main producers. Soybeans are considered the main crop among leguminosae (Henriques Neto et al, 1998). The highlight of soybeans in brazilian agribusiness is mainly associated with its high productive potential in different regions of the country. Achieving maximum productivity is the main objective in crop planning and it depends, besides the edaphoclimatic conditions, on the various management techniques employed (Cruz et al, 2016). For Assis et al (2014), among the practices adopted to obtain higher productivity, the choice of planting density and the best arrangement between plants are highlighted as potential tools. Tourino et al (2002), highlight the plant population per linear meter as one of the factors that most influence productivity, because competition of plants for water, nutrients and light may occur in function of the chosen density For Assis et al (2014), among the practices adopted to obtain higher productivity, the choice of planting density and the best arrangement between plants are highlighted as potential tools. Tourino et al (2002), highlight the plant population per linear meter as one of the factors that most influence productivity, because competition of plants for water, nutrients and light may occur in function of the chosen density
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