Abstract
Three planted soil filters for wastewater treatment (constructed wetlands with subsurface water flow) were investigated over an extended period of time. Each of them was filled with different kinds of soil. The filters were planted with helophytes, and loaded with septic tank effluent, with pre-treated combined sewage respectively. The hydraulic surface loading varied from 4 to 60mm/d and the specific BOD5 mass loading from 0.9 to 8.7g per square metre per day. The purification efficiency varied between 61 and 99% with respect to BOD5 and COD. The elimination of nutrients (Ntot and Ptot) varied between 5 and almost 100%. The removal rate of the total bacterial count, conforms, faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci was significant.
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