Plant-Based Formulation for Bronchial Asthma: A Controlled Clinical Trial to Compare Its Efficacy with Oral Salbutamol and Theophylline

Abstract

Background: Plant-based medicine is the 3rd most popular choice of both adults (11%) and children (6%) suffering from Asthma. While several plant-based formulations have been reported for the treatment of asthma in the past, many authors have published their reservations on clinical trials carried out using complementary and alternative medicines. Objectives: The authors desired to eliminate the shortcomings of the earlier clinical trials carried out by many investigators in a structured study. Therefore, a 12-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of a plant-based formulation (DCBT4567-Astha-15) in comparison with oral salbutamol, salbutamol + theophylline and a matching placebo in patients with reversible asthma. Methods: Ninety-four patients between 15 and 50 years of age, showing 15% improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) 15 min after a bronchial challenge of inhaled salbutamol (200 µg) were recruited, and the end point of the study was determined as a 15% improvement in FEV₁ and clinical symptoms like dyspnoea, wheezing, cough, expectoration, disability, sleep disturbances and respiration rate. Results: DCBT4567-Astha-15, salbutamol and salbutamol + theophylline patients showed statistically significant improvement in FEV₁, while placebo patients did not show any improvement. Fifty percent of DCBT4567-Astha-15, 48% of salbutamol, 58% of salbutamol + theophylline and 26% of placebo patients showed the desired 15% improvement in FEV₁. Improved mean FEV₁ values at the end of the trial indicated that the salbutamol - theophylline combination was superior followed by salbutamol and DCBT4567-Astha-15. Clinical symptoms like dyspnoea, wheezing, cough, expectoration, disability, and sleep disturbances were significantly reduced in DCBT4567-Astha-15 patients compared to patients of the other three arms. Conclusions: DCBT4567-Astha-15 was as efficacious as salbutamol (12 mg/day) or salbutamol (12 mg/day) in combination with theophylline (200 mg/day) in the treatment of reversible asthmatics. Quality of life of patients also improved with DCBT4567-Astha-15 drug treatment.