Abstract
Plant volatiles can synergize the response to moth pheromone. Synthetic pheromone analogs, in turn, have the opposite effect in reducing pheromone attractiveness. To determine how these two types of stimuli interact and influence male moth behaviour, we performed wind tunnel experiments on the grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana. We noticed that a blend of host plant volatiles [(E)-β-caryophyllene, 1-hexanol, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and 1-octen-3-ol in a 100:20:10:5 ratio] significantly increased the response of males to an optimized blend of sex pheromone [(7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dienyl acetate (E7,Z9-12:Ac), (7E,9Z)- dodeca-7,9-dienol (E7,Z9-12:OH) and (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate (Z9-12:Ac)] in a 100:10:2 ratio. However, the response of males to the natural attractant was significantly reduced by two analogs [(9E,11Z)-tetradeca-9,11-dien-2-one (MK 2) and [(9E,11Z)-1,1,1-trifluoro-tetradeca-9,11-dien-2-one (TFMK 3)], of the major component of the sex pheromone of the insect (E7,Z9-12:Ac). When both stimuli were tested on males at pheromone:analog:plant volatile blend 1:100:1000 ratio, the plant blend offset the inhibitory effect induced by TFMK 3 but not that of MK 2. Our results show for the first time that under laboratory conditions plant volatiles can prevent inhibition by a pheromone analog. Dades primaries associades a l'article http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/57678
Highlights
Pheromones are an important element in integrated pest management (IPM) programs, where many insect pests are successfully monitored and controlled by mass trapping and/or mating disruption (Witzgall et al, 2010)
We noticed that a blend of host plant volatiles [(E)-β-caryophyllene, 1-hexanol, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and 1-octen-3-ol in a 100:20:10:5 ratio] significantly increased the response of males to an optimized blend of sex pheromone [(7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dienyl acetate (E7,Z9-12:Ac), (7E,9Z)dodeca-7,9-dienol (E7,Z9-12:OH) and (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate (Z9-12:Ac)] in a 100:10:2 ratio
The response of males to the natural attractant was significantly reduced by two analogs [(9E,11Z)-tetradeca-9,11-dien-2-one (MK 2) and [(9E,11Z)-1,1,1trifluoro-tetradeca-9,11-dien-2-one (TFMK 3)], of the major component of the sex pheromone of the insect (E7,Z9-12:Ac)
Summary
Pheromones are an important element in integrated pest management (IPM) programs, where many insect pests are successfully monitored and controlled by mass trapping and/or mating disruption (Witzgall et al, 2010). Methyl ketones (MKs) and, trifluoromethyl ketones (TFMKs), in which the acetate group has been replaced by CH CO or CF3CO, respectively, are good disruptants of pheromone perception in a number of lepidopteran species, such as Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval (Duran et al, 1993; Rosell et al, 1996), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Prestwich & Streinz, 1988), Thaumetopoea pityocampa Denis & Schiffermüller (Parrilla & Guerrero, 1994), Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefevbre) (Bau et al, 1999; Riba et al, 2001), Mamestra brassicae (L.) (Renou et al, 1997), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Riba et al, 2005), Bombyx mori (L.) (Pophof et al, 2000), Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer) (Vogt et al, 1985), Cydia pomonella (L.) (Giner et al, 2009), Zeuzera pyrina (L.) (Muñoz et al, 2011), Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Malo et al, 2013) and Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Dominguez et al, 2016) In the field, these chemicals induce a significant. In this paper we present the inhibitory effect of these compounds on the response of males in a wind tunnel and demonstrate for the first time that this inhibition can be offset by a blend of plant volatiles when mixed with the pheromone in a specific ratio
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