Abstract
The focus of monitoring was the plant purposely cultivated because after re-vegetation, there were a very few of other plants growing naturally on reclimed coal mining area which were recorded, whereas these plants had important values. The research aimed to record all plants and to identify predominant plants over the reclaimed land of PT Adaro Indonesia. There were four sampling locations with 13 squares of 50 × 20 m on each location established and 2 on each square there were 5 plots of 2 × 2 m plotse made. Both plant species and its individual number of woodyplant saplings were recorded on each square, so in each plot, there were small species and its individual number of either woody-plant seedlings or non-woody plants (herbs/shrubs, grasses, ferns). The relative density and the relative frequency of woody or non-woody plants were summed to obtain the important value index (IVI) of each successional stage. There were 107 plant species consisting of 32, 43, 27, and 5 species of saplings, seedlings/herbs/shrubs, grasses, and ferns respectively. From those species, 16 species of woody plants and 2 species of herbs were planted purposely, other species grew naturally and even some of them were dominants. Either the number of plants or the dominating plant is varied according to the sampling location and the growing stage.
Highlights
Almost all coal minings in Indonesia use open mining system
Data recorded on each square were about both the plant species and the number of sapling species, but on each plot, the data were about the plant species and the number of seedling species for woody plants and herb/bush, grass, or fern for non-woody plants
There were 107 plant species found in four sampling locations namely 32 woody sapling species, 43 species of seedlings/herbs/shrubs, 27 species of grasses, and 5 species of ferns (Table 2)
Summary
Almost all coal minings in Indonesia use open mining system. The system converts the landforms and influences the biotic components (plants, animals), the abiotic components (physical, chemical), and the community (social, economics, culture). According to Subowo (2011), open coal-mining should be conducted carefully, due to the conversion of the landform, the damage of soil structure, the lack of top soil, the change of top soil ecosystem equilibrium, the decrease of land productivity, and the reduce of the environmental quality. The main focus of environment monitoring by the coal companies in Indonesia is the plants planted purposely. The research was conducted to entirely record all plants growing after re-vegetation on the reclaimed coal mininge land, and to identify the predominant ones based on the successional stage. Data on plants after re-vegetation is necessary They can be used as an initial standard relation with what the company will do or what it has to do later. It is necessary to develop a standardation to evaluate the success of re-vegetation and to soundly plan the treatments (planting, replanting, enriching, maintaining) on the reclaimed land
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