Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis of pseudostem callus culture response in In-vitro condition of palmarosa grass (Cymbopogon martinii) with special reference to hardening and pot culture

Abstract

This study successfully achieved somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from callus culture of the plant Cymbopogon martinii (Palmarosa Grass). The ability of medicinally significant palmarosa grass to regenerate through somatic embryogenesis of pseudostem callus culture has been investigated using hardening and pot culture. Cymbopogon martinii pseudostem explants were employed, and the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS basal media) was added with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). In MS basal medium supplemented with 2,4-D (3 mg/1it.)+ 6-Benzyl Adenine Purine (BAP) (1 mg/1it.), plant regeneration through embryogenesis occurred. In MS baseline media supplemented with α-Naphthelene Acetic Acid (NAA) (2 mg/1it.)+BAP (0.01 mg/1it.) and NAA (1.5 mg/1it.)+BAP (0.01 mg/1it.), whole plantlets were formed. Microplant for hardening was transplanted with well-developed rootlets from in-vitro to in-vivo. Sand, soil, and cow dung cake were mixed in a 1:1:1 ratio for the potting mixture, which was then exposed to light, temperature, and humidity. The results demonstrate that MS medium enriched with 1 mg/lit. of 2,4-D allowed for the greatest induction of callus and proliferation. In the current investigation, it was discovered that 2,4-D supplementation to MS medium was successful in triggering Cymbopogon martinii's callus response.