Plant Regeneration from Embryogenic Calli Derived from Immature Seeds in Miniature Rose Cultivar. ‘Shortcake’; Somaclonal Variation, Cytological Study and RAPD Analysis

Abstract

The immature seeds were harvested from self-pollinated miniature rose cv.‘Shortcake’. When the immature seeds were cultured on the Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium without phytohormone for 3 months, the pale yellow and friable embryogenic calli were induced. The calli were subcultured on the MS medium with 1mg l-1 6-benzyladenine (BA) every 2 to 3 weeks for 3 months, many adventitious shoots were differentiated and average number of shoots per callus was 7.7. These shoots were easily separated and rooted on the halfstrength MS medium with 0.25mg l-1 IBA.It was clarified that both original and regenerated plants were tetraploid by the chromosome observation and ploidy analysis All regenerated plants showed genetic variations from the original plants, such as flower size and color, petal number, simple leaf shape and prickle number. Polymorphic DNA differences were also observed between the original and regenerated plants by the RAPD analysis.