Plant inhabiting phytoseiid predators of midwestern Brazil, with emphasis on those associated with the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae)

I.P. Furtado,S. Kreiter,M.-S. Tixier,M. Knapp,G.J. de Moraes,C.H.W. Flechtmann

doi:10.1051/acarologia/20142138

Abstract

The fauna of phytoseiid mites in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, in midwestern Brazil, is poorly known. The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker and Pritchard, is an important pest of Solanaceae in several countries, but it is usually found in low densities in Brazil. It has been hypothesized that this is due to the effect of natural enemies. The objective of this study was to identify phytoseiid mites from Mato Grosso do Sul associated with T. evansi, to identify promising biological control agents for T. evansi in Africa. A survey was conducted in October – November 2002, sampling more than 70 plant species of 30 families, including 16 solanaceous species. The results of this survey provide some additional information to the scant knowledge on the phytoseiids from Mato Grosso do Sul. In total, 471 phytoseiids were collected, belonging to 12 Amblyseiinae and two Phytoseiinae species. The most frequent and abundant species was Euseius citrifolius Denmark and Muma, followed by Euseius concordis (Chant). Also, 3,493 tetranychids were found. Tetranychus evansi was found in Aquidauna on Solanum americanum (Miller), associated with E. citrifolius and Typhlodromalus aripo De Leon; in Corumba, on S. americanum associated with E. concordis and Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark and Muma; and in Dourados, on Solanum lycopersicum (L.), associated with E. citrifolius, Proprioseiopsis mexicanus (Garman) and Proprioseiopsis ovatus (Garman). However, none of the phytoseiids found are considered to be a promising biological control agent of T. evansi, based on both their inconsistent association with the pest and on available information about each species.

Highlights

Very little is known about the phytoseiid mites from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, in the extensive region of midwestern Brazil
The great predominance of Amblyseiinae was observed in previous surveys for natural enemies of T. evansi conducted in other parts of Brazil
The most frequent and abundant phytoseiid species in the present study, E. citrifolius, was the most frequent and abundant on different plant species in faunistic studies conducted in the Cerrado ecosystem of the western part of the state of São Paulo (Feres and Moraes, 1998; Feres and Nunes, 2001; Feres et al, 2003; Bellini et al, 2005; Daud and Feres, 2005), a few hundred km away from the region where the present work was conducted

Summary

Introduction

Very little is known about the phytoseiid mites from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, in the extensive region of midwestern Brazil. ISSN 2107-7207 (electronic) available report the occurrence of only four phytoseiid species from that state (Rezende and Lofego, 2011). The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker and Pritchard (Tetranychidae), was reported by Silva (1954) for the first time in Brazil, on tomato plants, Solanum lycopersicum (L.), under the name of Tetranychus marianae McGregor (Moraes et al, 1987). A great effort was dedicated between 2000 and 2008 to evaluate this hypothesis, aiming to locate and collect promising species of natural enemies to send to Africa, where T. evansi causes severe damage to Solanaceae, especially to tomato (Sibanda et al, 2000; Sarr et al, 2002)

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Conclusion