Abstract
Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a popular ornamental and medicinal plant. Taking approximately six to seven months, the seeds germination under natural conditions experiences dual dormancies, which seriously affects horticultural cultivation. Few studies have been conducted on exploring both biological and molecular mechanism that regulates dormancy removal process in hypocotyls double dormant plants. Here, we first measured ABA and GA3 content changes at four key dormancy break stages, and then performed transcriptomic analyses to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using RNA-seq. We subsequently carried out Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to validate RNA-seq data. ABA content decreased during the whole dormancy removal process and GA3 content exhibited decreasing slightly and then increasing trend. RNA sequencing de novo assembly generated a total of 99,577 unigenes. 20,344 unigenes were differentially expressed in the whole dormancy release process. The qPCR results of 54 selected unigenes were consistent with the FPKM values obtained from RNA-seq. Our results summarize a valuable collection of gene expression profiles characterizing the dormancy release process. The DEGs are candidates for functional analyses of genes affecting the dormancy release, which is a precious resource for the on-going physiological and molecular investigation of seeds dormancy removal in other perennial plants.
Highlights
Paeonia lactiflora, a herbaceous perennial flower in the family Paeoniaceae, has excellent ornamental and medicinal values
We measured the levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and GA3 in four consecutive points during seed dormancy release process (Fig 1A)
The ABA content gradually declined from the beginning to the end of the dormancy, exhibited insignificant change during hypocotyl dormancy removal process (Fig 1B)
Summary
Paeonia lactiflora (herbaceous peony), a herbaceous perennial flower in the family Paeoniaceae, has excellent ornamental and medicinal values. Native to central and eastern Asia, P. lactiflora has been widely grown in China for more than 3900 years. With its big flower and beautiful floral color, P. lactiflora has been primarily grown as garden plants and cultivated as commercially cut flower. Through long-term systemic evolution subject to natural adaptation, P. lactiflora seeds adopt hypocotyl and epicotyl dormancy in the wild, which is a special dormancy characteristic in plants [1].
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