Plant food bioactives and its effects on gut microbiota profile modulation for better brain health and functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder individuals: A review

Abstract

AbstractRecent advances in gut microbiota researches are establishing the association between food, gut microbiota, and brain health. Previously unknown communication networks between inhabiting microbes within the gut linings and the brain are being uncovered. The nature of the interaction between gut microbiota and the brain is a new frontier of research exploration. Diet plays an important role in modulating microbiota‐gut‐brain axis and exerts a profound influence on brain functioning. This review focuses on the effect of plant food bioactives or phytochemicals in modulating gut microbiota profile in Autistic individuals, for improving brain health and functioning. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disease marked by issues with speech, memory, and social behavior. Currently, an alarming rise in ASD cases among the children across the globe is being recorded. ASD has no known cure or causes; genetic or environmental factor possibly plays an important role in the development of ASD. Since dietary intervention is one of the most important solutions that might bring a positive change in the overall brain functioning of the ASD individuals. In this review, important plant food bioactives and gut microbes associated with better brain health and functioning in ASD individuals with its mode of action have been explained. Specifically plant food bioactives having influence over brain functions like memory, behavior, and cognition through balancing beneficial gut microbiota to reduce the symptoms associated with ASD are presented.