Abstract
Vitiligo is the most common depigmenting disorder characterized by white patches in the skin. The pathogenetic origin of vitiligo revolves around autoimmune destruction of melanocytes in which, for instance, oxidative stress is responsible for melanocyte molecular, organelle dysfunction and melanocyte specific antigen exposure as well as melanocyte cell death and thus serves as an important contributor for vitiligo progression. In recent years, natural products have shown a wide range of pharmacological bioactivities against many skin diseases, and this review focuses on the effects and mechanisms of natural compounds against vitiligo models. It is showed that some natural compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, glycosides and coumarins have a protective role in melanocytes and thereby arrest the depigmentation, and, additionally, Nrf2/HO-1, MAPK, JAK/STAT, cAMP/PKA, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways were reported to be implicated in these protective effects. This review discusses the great potential of plant derived natural products as anti-vitiligo agents, as well as the future directions to explore.
Highlights
Pathogenesis of VitiligoVitiligo is a chronic autoimmune destruction of melanocytes, leading to the pigment loss on the surface of skin and mucosa and the gradual expansion of decolorized skin plaque (Seneschal et al, 2021)
In the experiment of B16F10 melanoma cells treated with 0–50 μm 3, 5-dicCQM, the results showed that 3,5-diCQM could induce pigmentation. 3,5-diCQM drives melanogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, and the molecular mechanism underlying its ability to induce pigmentation is through activation of the p38 signaling pathway, phosphorylation and activation of CREB, and a intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) dependent signaling pathway, which in turn upregulates the transcription factor Microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF), thereby activating tyrosinase activity (Kim et al, 2015)
Studies have found that Morin has antitumor, antihypertensive, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, antibacterial and other pharmacological effects (Caselli et al, 2016; Heeba et al, 2021). 50 μM Morin significantly upregulated the expression of MITF, as well as its downstream tyrosinase associated protein 1 (TRP-1) and Trp-2 to increase melanin production in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells, and the mechanisms include the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 signaling pathways via the phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (Shin et al, FIGURE 5 | Glycosides against vitiligo (A) Geniposide, (B) C-3-G, (C) THSG, (D) Glycyrrhizin, (E) Paeoniflorin, (F) Madecassoside
Summary
Pathogenesis of VitiligoVitiligo is a chronic autoimmune destruction of melanocytes, leading to the pigment loss on the surface of skin and mucosa and the gradual expansion of decolorized skin plaque (Seneschal et al, 2021). 4.25 mg/kg GA significantly increased the number of basal melanocytes and melanoepidermal cells in shaving area of mice with hydroquinone induced vitiligo, and promote the melanin hair follicles to increase, the mechanism is to prevent oxidative stress by reducing cholinesterase (CHE) activity and MDA content and increase the expression of TYR protein.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
