Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of plant densities and sidedressed nitrogen (N) rates on nutrition and productive performance of the common bean cultivars IPR 139 and Pérola. For each cultivar, a randomized complete block experimental design was used in a split-plot arrangement, with three replicates. Plots consisted of three plant densities (5, 7, and 9 plants ha-1) and subplots of five N rates (0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha-1). Aboveground dry matter, leaf macro- and micronutrient concentrations, yield components, grain yield, and protein concentration in grains were evaluated. Lower plant densities (5 and 7 plants m-1) increased aboveground dry matter production and the number of pods per plant and did not reduce grain yield. In the absence of N fertilization, reduction of plant density decreased N concentration in common bean leaves. Nitrogen fertilization linearly increased dry matter and leaf N concentration, mainly at lower plant densities. Regardless of plant density, the N supply linearly increased grain yield of cultivars IPR 139 and Pérola by 17.3 and 52.2%, respectively.
Highlights
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is traditionally grown with a sowing density ranging from 10 to 15 plants m-1 row (SILVA; SILVA, 2005; BARBOSA; GONZAGA, 2012)
Aboveground dry matter (DM) production of both cultivars was affected by plant density, N rate, and by their interaction (Table 1)
Regardless of the applied N rate, lower plant densities (5 and 7 plants m-1) resulted in greater aboveground DM production at the common bean flowering compared to the density of 9 plants m-1, irrespective of the N application (Table 2)
Summary
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is traditionally grown with a sowing density ranging from 10 to 15 plants m-1 row (SILVA; SILVA, 2005; BARBOSA; GONZAGA, 2012). There is a tendency to reduce the number of plants within the row (PES, 2011), since a lower plant population results in a late canopy closure, which in turn can decrease plant diseases such as white mold [Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary] (VIEIRA et al, 2012). Adequate plant population depends on the cultivar growth habit, soil fertility, water, and nutrient availability, and disease intensity in common bean crops. In São Paulo State, Brazil, for common bean growth habit type III, the density of 10 plants m-1 row is commonly used, whereas densities of 12 and 15 plants m-1 are used for common bean cultivar with growth habit type I and II, respectively (BARBOSA; GONZAGA, 2012)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
