Abstract
Plant cell wall proteomics has been a very dynamic field of research for about fifteen years. A full range of strategies has been proposed to increase the number of identified proteins and to characterize their post-translational modifications. The protocols are still improving to enlarge the coverage of cell wall proteomes. Comparisons between these proteomes have been done based on various working strategies or different physiological stages. In this review, two points are highlighted. The first point is related to data analysis with an overview of the cell wall proteomes already described. A large body of data is now available with the description of cell wall proteomes of seventeen plant species. CWP contents exhibit particularities in relation to the major differences in cell wall composition and structure between these plants and between plant organs. The second point is related to methodology and concerns the present limitations of the coverage of cell wall proteomes. Because of the variety of cell wall structures and of the diversity of protein/polysaccharide and protein/protein interactions in cell walls, some CWPs can be missing either because they are washed out during the purification of cell walls or because they are covalently linked to cell wall components.
Highlights
Plant cell wall proteomics is a tricky field of research, since proteins are minor components of plant cell walls, but are trapped in complex networks of polysaccharides with which they can interact
To illustrate the efficiency of Cell wall proteins (CWPs) extraction from purified call walls using salt solutions, we have examined the cell wall localization of a protein identified in numerous cell wall proteomic studies, namely At5g11420
The knowledge of plant cell wall proteomes has been greatly enlarged through the numerous studies performed during the last fifteen years
Summary
Plant cell wall proteomics is a tricky field of research, since proteins are minor components of plant cell walls, but are trapped in complex networks of polysaccharides with which they can interact. The structure and composition of cell walls are constantly modified to allow plant growth and development, and to contribute to the adaptation of plants to their changing environment [3,4,5] All these processes involve de novo assembly and/or remodeling of wall components as well as signaling processes [6]. Cell wall proteomes have been studied in growing and mature leaf and stems of B. distachyon [15], and in apical and basal stems of Medicago sativa [16] Such experiments have allowed the identification of candidate proteins possibly involved in cell wall extension or in cell wall strengthening at the end of growth. (i) an overview of the existing cell wall proteomics data highlighting differences between monocots and dicots in relation to differences in cell wall composition and structure or between cell wall proteomes of different organs and (ii) the limitations to the full coverage of cell wall proteomes
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