Abstract
Agriculture is adversely affected by numerous insects and pests, nematodes, and invasive weeds. It reduces the yield and produces low-quality grains by 5% of world food production. Stored grain pests are the primary cause of decreased quality, seed viability, grain weight, and commercial value. Chemical pesticides and insecticides proved to be effective and cheaper. The use of chemical pesticides and insecticides harms the environment by affecting soil fertility, developing resistance in pests through genetic variations, and increasing toxic residues. Botanical insecticides cost-effective, biodegradable, and eco-friendly. Botanical insecticides can never entirely replace synthetic pesticide production, but they may solve problems associated with the application of synthetic pesticides. This review summarises the use of plant botanicals as controlling agents against pests Sitophilus oryzae and Callosobruchus chinensis .
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