Abstract
Plant Biopolymer–Geopolymer: Organic Diagenesis and Kerogen Formation
Highlights
Sedimentary organic matter is formed by diagenesis and catagenesis of biological material introduced during deposition from primary producers
Over 90% of this sedimentary organic matter is a non-hydrolyzable macropolymer called kerogen that does not dissolve in organic solvents and produces petroleum upon catagenesis (Tissot and Welte, 1984)
Kerogen formation is generally attributed to neogenesis (Tissot and Welte, 1984), in which sedimentary organic matter is formed by random intermolecular polymerization and polycondensation of biological residues including melanoidins or the Selective Preservation of resistant biosynthesized macromolecules that undergo limited chemical change during diagenesis
Summary
Sedimentary organic matter is formed by diagenesis (reactions in sediments up to 60°C, Tegelaar et al, 1989) and catagenesis (those >100°C induced by thermal cracking, Tissot and Welte, 1984) of biological material introduced during deposition from primary producers. Kerogen formation is generally attributed to neogenesis (Tissot and Welte, 1984), in which sedimentary organic matter is formed by random intermolecular polymerization and polycondensation of biological residues (e.g., amino acids, sugars, and lipids) including melanoidins or the Selective Preservation of resistant biosynthesized macromolecules that undergo limited chemical change during diagenesis (i.e., they remain morphologically and chemically recognizable as organic remains in the sedimentary rock; Goth et al, 1998).
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