Abstract
Eleven plant associations were identified and characterized according to the frequency, percent cover, and relative dominance of the herbaceous and woody species among the vegetative strata, including stem density, diameter breast height (dbh), and basal area for tree species: Cynosurus echinatus/Taeniatherum asperum; Bromus mollis/Cynosurus echinatus; Rhus diversiloba/Cynosurus echinatus; Quercus garryana/Rhus diversiloba/Taeniatherum asperum/Cynosurus echinatus; Quercus garryana/Rhus diversiloba/Dactylis glomerata; Pseudotsuga menziesii/Quercus gwyww/Rhwdha/oblyPoesti hwnitwnQr;curgwryww/Arbutus menziesii/Rhus diversiloba/Cynosurus echinatus; Arbutus menziesii/Rhus diversiloba/Festuca arundinacea; Quercus garryana/Fraxinus latifolia/Rosa elganteria/Juncus effusus; Pseudotsuga menziesii/Corylus cornuta/Cynosurus echinatus. The intensity and duration of recent disturbance distinguished early seral stages which were characterized by a paucity of native shrub and herbaceous species and an abundance of annual invaders in the understory. The primary forces that influenced existing plant assemblages were fire and more recently agricultural practices, especially among grasslands and savannas. Grasslands without recent livestock use exhibited greater species diversity, supporting more species and a more homogeneous distribution of relative abundance among species.
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