Abstract

A summary is provided of the widely used control paradigms and their novel counterparts applied in a variety of process industries, including the dairy industry. Though basic dairy processes have changed little in the past decade, the general demands of lower cost, higher product quality, and more environmentally friendly solutions lead to the necessity of improving the traditional control structures. This review provides a general idea about the main practical and research lines in dairy process control. It summarizes the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller as a control engineering practice that has been established for decades, various statistical process control (SPC) techniques widely implemented in batch and fed-batch dairy plants, and recent intelligent control (IC) alternatives. Fuzzy logic control systems (FLCSs) and artificial neural network (ANN)-based model predictive control (MPC) are the main IC paradigms described.

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