Abstract
Social success is an ambiguous category that has both external and internal criteria. Despite the difficult comprehension of the criteria and the ambiguity of their interpretation in different cultures and social strata, the desire for success in the form of various behavioral tendencies and manifestations is considered inherent in most people. The research results presented in the article were obtained on samples of different age groups: adolescence, young, adult age periods (from 17 to 45 years). The criteria of social success are considered through the prism of the leading activity of the age and are used as the basis for differentiating the samples into socially successful and unsuccessful respondents. The study is comparative in nature and shows that the cognitive markers of socially successful respondents differ from the mental trajectories of socially unsuccessful respondents. In adolescence, social success is accompanied by clear formulated goals and conscious plans for the future; in young and adult ages, while maintaining awareness of plans, socially successful respondents also have a high level of predictive abilities, expressed in the validity of the thinking process, flexibility of thinking, plasticity of ideas and the prospect of causal relationships. These cognitive characteristics allow a person to build mental processes in such a way that they accompany the person's social success.
Highlights
The meaningfulness of the present, past and future by a person being for a long period in conditions of social success is higher than that of a low-successful person, which can probably be expressed in the personality's determination, if of the meaning of life in general, and of some of its aspects (for example, prospects for the future (p = 0.006), the fullness of the current moment of life (p = 0.038), or comprehension of the past (p = 0.019); as well as ideas about the strength of one's personality (p = 0.018) and the ability to control one's life (p = 0.02)
Due to the fact that the criteria of social success are still controversial, it can be said that in some cases respondents who were unsuccessful in their leading activities could successfully fulfil themselves in other spheres of their lives and thereby neutralize the lack of achievements in activities that are significant for a given age
On the basis of the research carried out, it can be concluded that social success, recognition of the achievements of an individual in activities that are significant for him/her cause clarity in the consciousness of the time perspective, an increase in the feeling of the strength of oneself and faith in one’s own ability to manage his/her own life
Summary
The features of the social situation of personality development (including economic, social, political, and cultural processes) form an example of a successful person (in personal, professional, social terms) in the public consciousness as an idea, and success, life achievements are one of the basic values of the modern Russian at the present time [7,8,9,10,11,12,13, etc.]. Levin and his followers in this area show that experiences of success and failure arise only within the zone of the subject's capabilities and in activities that are personally significant for the individual and, in addition, achievement in activity is assessed as success only if it is attributed to the individual's own efforts The terms “achievement” and “success” have begun to attract the attention of researchers in the field of the psychology of professional activity [16,17]
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