Abstract
Soil tillage intensity influences the chemical composition of soil, the distribution of nutrients, and soil physical and mechanical properties, as well as gas flows. The impact of reduced tillage on these indices in faba bean cultivation is still insufficient and requires more analysis on a global scale. This study was carried out at Vytautas Magnus University, Agriculture Academy (Lithuania) in 2016–2018. The aim of the investigation was to establish the influence of the tillage systems on the soil chemical composition, temperature, moisture content, and CO2 respiration in faba bean cultivation limited by the semi-humid subarctic climate. On the basis of a long-term tillage experiment, five tillage systems were tested: deep and shallow moldboard plowing, deep cultivation-chiseling, shallow cultivation-disking, and no-tillage. Results showed that in conditions of plowless tillage systems, the content of precrops’ residues on the topsoil before the spring tillage was 5 to 15 times higher than in plowed plots. It undoubtedly was for the amount of available nutrients in the soil, soil temperature, and moisture content. Plowless and no-tillage systems could initiate an increase in the amount of available nutrients in soil. The highest concentration of chemical elements was found in no-tilled plots. So faba bean crops could largely increase the composition of potassium and total nitrogen and stabilized CO2 respiration from soil during one vegetative period.
Highlights
An increase in greenhouse gases, such as CO2, activates the global process of climate change.CO2 emissions involve complex interaction between agro-technological factors, soil type and properties, and crops grown
It has been shown by publications of multiple scientific studies that intensive soil management and tillage initiated higher soil CO2 emissions from soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization compared with plowless tillage and no-tillage [13,14,15,16]
The aim of this study was to establish the influence of five tillage systems on the chemical composition, temperature, moisture content, and soil respiration during faba bean vegetation
Summary
An increase in greenhouse gases, such as CO2 , activates the global process of climate change.CO2 emissions involve complex interaction between agro-technological factors, soil type and properties, and crops grown. Conventional tillage with intensive incorporation of crops’ residues rapidly increases the content of organic matter and changes the soil moisture content, temperature, aeration, and other soil physico-mechanical properties [4,5,6,7,8,9]. Aerobic conditions and additional organic matter stimulate microbial activity and activate respiration gases and CO2 losses from the soil [10,11,12]. It has been shown by publications of multiple scientific studies that intensive soil management and tillage initiated higher soil CO2 emissions from soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization compared with plowless tillage and no-tillage [13,14,15,16].
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