Abstract
Water management and associated wastewater management is an inseparable element of life and development of modern societies. Collection and treatment of wastewater has a significant impact on the environment and economy, both at the local and global level. It is therefore necessary to proceed to activities that ensure proper wastewater management, especially in rural and low-density areas, where it is necessary to search for optimal solutions with regard to sewage systems, including wastewater treatment plants. One of the solution for wastewater treatment from houses without access to sewerage collection system is the construction of on-site wastewater treatment plants. Construction of on-site wastewater treatment plant poses a number of challenges for municipalities and potential investors and has been discussed by many. Aim of this paper is to draw the current status and perspectives of on-site wastewater treatment systems in Poland, with focus on selected case study from rural areas. The paper presents a way to solve the problem of wastewater management in the municipality of Pietrowice Wielkie using local biological wastewater treatment plants. The article presents technological, technical and economical aspects of the above-mentioned solutions and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the system proposed by the municipality.
Highlights
Increasing environmental awareness, life quality and legal requirements resulting from both Polish and European regulations regarding the quality of sewage discharged, has caused that the problem of wastewater management became extremely important, starting from the municipal level and ending at the voivodship
The economic analysis was as follows [17]: I. construction and operation of sewage network and sewage treatment plants: - the cost of construction of a 90 km sanitary sewage system with the average price for 1 m of sewage system at the level of 500 PLN: 45,000,000 PLN - the cost of constructing a sewage treatment plant: 6,000,000 PLN - the cost of 1 m3 of sewage, calculated on the basis of research documentation performed by the Department of Water Protection - Main Institute of Mining in Katowice: on the day of preparing the documentation would be at the level of 17.33 PLN / m3
The Pietrowice Wielkie commune, after conducting analysis, taking into account the specificity of scattered urban development existing in its area, and after comparing the costs of construction and use of an alternative form of wastewater treatment (WWT) and the costs of building a sanitary sewage network together with a sewage treatment plant, selected a variant using individual treatment systems wastewater
Summary
Increasing environmental awareness, life quality and legal requirements resulting from both Polish and European regulations regarding the quality of sewage discharged, has caused that the problem of wastewater management became extremely important, starting from the municipal level and ending at the voivodship. One of the basic tasks of the commune is to solve the problem of wastewater management This is important in rural areas without a central drainage system. The high cost of building a sanitary and rainwater sewerage system and sewage treatment plants with under-financing of municipalities is often a project that exceeds their financial capabilities. In this contex, a significant number of municipalities do not make efforts to build or extend sewerage systems, the sewage management is primarily carried out on septic tanks and small household sewage treatment plants. An alternative is to obtain funding for projects related to water and sewage management, whether from EU funds or the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management
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